GB No. 61877
CAS No. 8001-35-2
Molecular Formula C₁₀H₁₀Cl₈
molecular weight of 413.84

milky white or amber-like solid wax (pure colorless crystalline) has terpene odor; vapor pressure of 5.33 x 2.67 ~ 10-2kPa/25 ° C the temperature of 65 to 90 ° C; the boiling point of 155 ° C / decomposition; solubility : not soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents; density : 1.65 (25 ° C); Stability : temperature higher than 155 ° C gradual decomposition, volatilization is not easy , non-combustible. By daylight or after heated slowly release hydrogen chloride, in alkaline or the presence of iron compounds faster decomposition; Risk Marker 14 (Judaipin); The main purposes : as a pesticide

2. The impact on the environment :
a health hazard

pathways : inhaled, ingested, percutaneous absorption.
health hazards : This is kind of exciting camphor, tic is systemic poison. The skin is the stimulus, as a result of mining over the next day spraying plants goods report caused the poisoning, and another child died wrongly reported. Toxaphene itself at room temperature is not as volatile as a result of more food contamination or poisoning caused invasive skin, a few hours after the sudden intermittent ankylosing spasm or shock, often nausea, vomiting omen. Intermittent severe cramps progressively shorter, and finally died of suffocation. Restoration frequently left neurasthenia and forgetful card. Contact with the skin, dermatitis, there will be local irritation or abscess formation.

two, toxicology information and environmental behavior

toxicity : middle-class drugs, acute toxicity than twice as strong DDT, as a systemic poison convulsion, with camphor-like excitement, accumulation is negligible.
acute toxicity : Toxaphene can damage skin without being sucked into the body against the nervous system and organs substantive. If contact with the skin, can cause dermatitis, swelling and blisters. 40mg/kg, 1st, by the people and found the minimum lethal dose; 400042, 1, the dog by mouth, the minimum lethal dose; 175mg/kg, 1st, guinea pigs by mouth, the minimum lethal dose; 938mg/kg, 1st, by the skin of mice, the most low doses; 2000mg/m3, 2 hours, mice inhaled, the minimum lethal concentration. LD5045mg/kg, 1st mice gavage; LD5060mg/kg, a meeting of the rat oral; LD501025mg/kg, 1st, by the rabbit skin. 5g oral people, the majority in death within eight hours.
subacute and chronic toxicity : 1.2mg/kg, 2.4mg/kg rats, mice in 12 months, changes in white blood cell levels, peripheral blood of the Iraqi addicted to red blood cells reduced by 40 to 50%, covered Lembo (a Ma drunk agents) extended sleep state, benzamido acetic acid synthesis.
2.4mg/kg, 4.8mg/kg rats, mice in seven months, found galactose glucose test curve changes in the characteristics of blood Alkaline Phosphatase Activity, covered Lembo shortened sleep state. To 12mg/kg dose gavage to rats 4, evoked various (organ) leaf and some physical glands of extreme infiltration, interstitial organizations to increase the filter and thyroid cell growth. There adrenal cortex and medulla of the invasion, the real role of composite delay cortical layer thinning. The rat kidney, liver, heart muscle also showed fatty degeneration and necrosis accompanied by the change of granular malnutrition.
Teratogenicity : Toxaphene a teratogenic effect. 35mg/kg, pregnancy 7-16 days, mice by mouth, fetal teratogenesis; 12mg/kg, pregnancy intragastric administration of fetal nerve and form an inhibitory effect.
Aquatic toxicity : 0.0025mg / L, salmon (Oncorhynchus Wang), the 96-hour death; 0.004mg / L, carp, died; 0.0056mg / L, carp, died 96 hours; 0.0072mg / L, perch, 96 hours 50% died.
other toxicity : LD5070.7mg/kg, 1st, pheasants; LD50 71mg/kg, a meeting of a bird by mouth; LD5030.8mg/kg, 1, duck; LD50 7.5 mg / kg, chicken (1) .

past two to three years there will be a history of contact with women, high-fat mucosal mast eye, retinal vascular diameter change. The long-term (three years) in many application toxaphene farmland investigations of the human body, because the body of the soil, air and plants toxaphene residues of chronic exposure, the occurrence sympathoadrenal system dysfunction caused by heart adrenal shock effect enhanced derivative symptoms. The long-term (10 years) exposure toxaphene lead poisoning women census shows that those toxaphene minor poisoning are the central nervous system functional Dynamic changes, SARS and sluggish botanical plant abnormal blood Officer tension. Those moderately poisoning and depth of the pathology is obvious symptoms, such as cerebral palsy, brain syndrome and cerebral blood circulation temporary interference.

metabolism and degradation : usually classified high toxaphene persistent pesticides, with a series of biological metabolism and environmental degradation rate moderating.
some literature reports, toxaphene the photochemical nature is not very stable, UV, aqueous alkali and metal compounds role, toxaphene of environmental transformation, dechlorination generation product.

residues and savings : toxaphene in the soil and water environment will be able to maintain a longer period of time, and entered the human and animal food chain.
in experimental conditions, soil content toxaphene, (caused by the percentage of dollars), after the first day was 84%, 5 days is 55%, 10 days is 44%, 20 days is 37%, 30 days is 30% the first 40 days is 29%.
conditions in the fields, when the quarterly application 8kg/ha toxaphene, after three to four months after the discovery of toxaphene concentrations of 1.25 ± 0.12mg/kg, a year after the soil is still toxaphene initial level of 51%. most of the arable layer of residues in the soil.
in experimental conditions, the water toxaphene by 103 days, surviving 95%. Water toxaphene susceptible fish and sediment absorption and adsorption. Fish right toxaphene the enrichment factor of 300. Aquatic plants of toxaphene content over water toxaphene levels 220 times, more than sludges toxaphene content of 37 times.
in root and tuber crops (carrots, beets, potatoes, etc.), toxaphene enriched mainly in the Department of Paper. If the carrot Paper containing toxaphene 26mg/kg, its slurry containing only 1 ~ 1.5mg; Potatoes Paper containing toxaphene 3.54mg/kg, Pulp found.

migration and transformation : Toxaphene in agriculture for exposure to pesticides into the environment when, with the fields of surface and atmospheric precipitation sewage into water bodies and groundwater. Toxaphene migration from the soil, as the content of the soil level is 10mg/kg, in the air for 2.5mg/m3 in the water for 0.7mg / L, in plants for acceleration.

hazardous characteristics : case of fire, combustible high fever.
combustion (decomposition) products : carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride.

3. Emergency Monitoring Methods :

4. Laboratory monitoring methods : gas chromatography
"water and wastewater standards test" version
15 GC "Common toxic chemicals environmental emergency disposal technologies and monitoring methods" Hu Wang Jun editor
GC "Solid Waste Analysis Evaluation Manual," the China Environmental Monitoring terminus translated