GB
CAS No. 81101, Molecular Formula CH₂O₂
64-18-6; HCOOH
molecular 46.03

transparent colorless liquid smoke, a strong irritant sourness; vapor pressure 5.33kPa/24 ° C flash point : 68.9 ° C / issuer Cup; the temperature 8.2 ° C; Boiling Point 100.8 ° C solubility : Compatibility with water, soluble hydrocarbons, immiscibility in alcohol; density : relative density (water = 1) 1.23; the relative density (Air = 1) 1.59; Stability : stability; risk Marker 20 (acid corrosion products) ; the main purposes : the system for chemicals, rubber coagulant and textile, printing and dyeing, electroplating, etc.

2. The impact on the environment :
a health hazard

pathways : inhaled, ingested, percutaneous absorption.
health hazards : The main cause of skin and mucous membrane irritation there. Its performance conjunctival hyperemia, rhinitis, bronchitis; Contact with the skin can cause inflammation and ulceration. Death may wrongly formic acid (died about 30 grams). In addition to gastrointestinal symptoms, often due to acute renal failure or respiratory failure and death.
chronic poisoning : have hematuria and proteinuria.

two, toxicology information and environmental behavior

toxicity : is low toxicity category.
acute toxicity : LD₅₀1100mg/kg (rat oral); LC₅₀15000mg/m3, 15 minutes (rat inhalation); Inhalation 750mg/m3 ( 15 seconds), to stimulate the mucous membrane caused severe sore throat, cough, chest pain; people mouth about 30g, renal failure or respiratory failure and death.
irritation : human eyes by : 1 ppm (6 minutes), non-standard contacts, mildly stimulating. Percutaneous people : 150 µ g (3 days), intermittent, mild stimulation.
subacute and chronic toxicity : mice drinking water containing 0.01% to 0.25% formic acid free, 2 to 4 months without any impact; 0.5% will affect appetite and slow its growth. These mice inhaled malachite, a ~ 4 days after the death.
Mutagenicity : microbial mutagenicity : Escherichia coli 71ppm (3 hours). Sister chromatid exchange : human lymphocytes 10 mmol / L.

hazardous characteristics : its steam with the formation of an explosive mixture of air and met the fire, high-heat combustion caused the explosion. Oyster with strong oxidant reacts. With strong corrosive.
combustion (decomposition) products : carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.

3. Emergency Monitoring Methods :
water testing tube; Gas detection tube method
gas velocity measurement tube (Beijing as insurance products, product Germany 1940s)

4. Laboratory monitoring methods : gas chromatography
"air of harmful substances in the Determination" (second edition), Hang Shi-ping editor

5. Environmental standards :
former Soviet air workshop harmful substances maximum allowable concentration 1mg/m3
former Soviet sewage harmful substances maximum permissible concentrations of 5 mg / L
olfactory threshold concentration 40mg / m3

6. Emergency treatment and disposal methods :
a leakage contingency

leak contaminated areas evacuated personnel to a safe area, not to prohibit access to the contaminated area, cut off the source of fire. Recommended emergency personnel wearing self-contained breathing apparatus to wear chemical protective clothing. Do not direct contact with leakage, in ensuring the safety of plugging. Use sand or other absorbent non-flammable mixture absorption, then collect and transport the waste to disposal sites.也可以将地面洒上苏打灰，用大量水冲洗，经�?��的洗水放入废水系统�? If large spills, using a causeway asylum, and then to collect, transfer, recycling or waste processed sound.

two protective measures

respiratory protection : concentration in air overweight, they should wear protective masks. Emergency rescue or escape, it is recommended to wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
eye protection : Wear protective chemical safety glasses.
protective clothing : wearing overalls (anti-corrosion material).
hand protection : Wear rubber gloves.
other : work, take a shower. Pay attention to personal hygiene.

three, and emergency measures

contact with the skin : the pollution off clothing, immediately wash with water for at least 15 minutes. If it burns, medical care treatment.
eye contact : immediately filed eyelid, mobile or saline irrigation water for at least 15 minutes. Medical treatment.
Inhalation : rapidly from the scene to fresh air. To keep the airway patency. Difficult to breathe oxygen. Give 2-4% sodium bicarbonate solution aerosol inhalation. Medical treatment. Fresh into
: coverage immediately mouthwash, or egg white to the blues. Immediate medical treatment.

fire fighting methods : mist of water, sand, foam, carbon dioxide.