GB No. 81015
CAS No. 7664-39-3
Molecular Formula HF
molecular 20.01

colorless liquid or gas; Vapor Pressure 53. 32kPa (2.5 ° C); -83.7 ° C melting point; boiling point of 19.5 ° C; solubility : soluble in water; density : relative density (water = 1) 1.15; the relative density (Air = 1) 1.27; Stability : stability; risk Marker 20 (corrosive acid); the main purposes : to etch glass, and the system of fluoride compounds

2. The impact on the environment :
a health hazard

pathways : inhaled, ingested.
health hazard : respiratory mucosa and skin to stimulate a strong and corrosion; Inhalation of high concentrations of hydrogen fluoride can cause bronchitis and pneumonia; Absorption can produce systemic toxicity, but also lead to skeletal fluorosis.
acute poisoning : exposure to high concentrations of hydrogen fluoride may cause eye irritation and respiratory symptoms may occur severe bronchitis, pneumonia, even reflective of suffocation.
chronic poisoning : caused the nose, pharynx, larynx chronic inflammation, may have serious nasal septum perforation. Skeletal fluorosis can cause damage to bone disease. Hydrogen fluoride can penetrate the skin to the deep penetration, and the formation of necrotic ulcers, which can not be cured.

two, toxicological data environmental behavior

acute toxicity : LC₅₀1276ppm, 1 hour (rat inhalation); The HF-400 430mg/m3 concentration can cause acute poisoning death; 100mg/m3 concentration, can be a sub-tolerance odd minutes 50mg/m3 under skin irritation, irritation, can be tolerated under 26mg/m3 minutes, olfactory threshold of 0.03mg/m3.
subacute and chronic toxicity : 33 ~ rabbit inhalation 41mg/m3 average 20mg/m3, after a ~ 5.5 months, there will be irritation, weight loss, difficulty breathing, decreased hemoglobin, the number of reticulocytes, some animal deaths.
Mutagenicity : DNA damage : Black flies stomach inhalation 1300ppb (six weeks). Sex chromosome loss and separation : black flies inhalation 2900ppb stomach.
reproductive toxicity : rat inhalation poisoning minimum concentration (TCL0) : 4980ug/m3 (to a pregnant 22 days), cause stillbirth.
skin damage : hydrofluoric acid on the skin there is a strong corrosive, strong infiltration and protein dehydration and dissolution. After contact with the skin can quickly penetrate the stratum corneum, into deep tissue, dissolving the membrane caused organizations liquefaction, necrosis and difficult healing of ulcers. If not promptly deal with the depth and periosteal bone caused aseptic bone necrosis. With the high concentration of protein binding, the skin was gray.

pollution sources : HF fluorine chemical industry is the one of the basic raw materials for the manufacture of inorganic and organic fluoride. Usually fluorite and sulfate role in the system. Anhydrous hydrogen fluoride used for the production of refrigerants, "Freon", as high-octane gasoline catalyst cleaning stainless steel, metal casting removal of sand and the extraction of beryllium, uranium and other special metals, organic synthesis is also used as a catalyst. HF water normally used for carving glass and pottery corroding agent, also used synthetic pesticides or fungicides, etc..

hazardous characteristics : extremely corrosive. In case of high fever, increased pressure within containers, cracking and the risk of explosion.
combustion (decomposition) products : hydrogen fluoride.

3. Emergency Monitoring Methods :
rapid chemical analysis of commonly used methods : BPB detection tube method, acid alizarin zirconium instructions on the law on Dimethylaminoazobenzene azobenzene ARSACETYL instructions paper "sudden environmental pollution monitoring and emergency treatment and disposal technologies "10,000 too editor
gas detector tube
gas velocity measurement tube (Beijing as insurance products, product Germany 1940s)

4. Laboratory monitoring methods :
ion selective electrode (GB7484-87, Water), filter paper
lime-fluoride ion selective electrode (GB/T15433-95, air)
membrane fluoride ion selective electrode (GB/T15434-95, air)

5. Environmental standards :
China (TJ36-79) Workshop harmful substances in the air that the maximum allowable concentration 1mg/m3 [F]
China (TJ36-79) Residential District of harmful substances in the atmosphere the maximum allowable concentration (fluoride) 0.02mg/m3 (a value); 0.007mg/m3 (days average)
Chinese (GB16297-1996) Air Pollutant Discharge Standards (fluoride) â‘?maximum allowable concentration of emissions : ~
9 90mg/m3 (Table 2); 11 ~ 100mg/m33 (Table 1)
â‘?maximum allowable emission rate (kg / h) :
2 : 0.10 ~ 4 .2 (Table 2); 0.12 ~ 4.9 (Table 1)
3 : 0.15 to 6.3 (Table 2); 0.18 ~ 7.5 (Table 1) 0.02mg/m3 (Table 2); 0.02mg/m3 (Table 1)
China (GB5048-92), irrigation water quality standards (fluoride) 2. 0 ~ 3.0mg / L (water and dry vegetables)
Chinese (GB11607-89) Fisheries water quality standards 1 mg / L (fluoride)
China (GB5749-85) health standards for drinking water 1.0 mg / L (fluoride)
China (GB/T14848-93) groundwater quality standards (mg / L) Class I 1.0; Type II 1.0; Class III 1.0; category IV 2. 0; category V 2.0 and above (fluoride)
China (GHZB1-1999), surface water quality standard (mg / L) of the following Class I 1.0; Type II 1.0; Class III 1.0; category IV 1.5; category V 1.5 (fluoride)
China (GB8978-1996) sewage discharge standards (mg / L), a 10; two 10 ~ 20; three 20 ~ 30 (fluoride)
China (GB5058.3-1996), solid waste leaching toxic identification standard value of 50 mg / L (fluoride)

6. Emergency treatment and disposal methods :
a leakage contingency

rapid withdrawal of staff from air leakage supremacy wind, and isolated until the gas dissipated, the proposed self-emergency personnel-contained breathing apparatus, wearing chemical protective clothing. Cut off the gas source, sprayed ammonia or other dilute alkaline liquid and pay attention to the collection and wastewater treatment. Then Drainage (indoor), or powerful ventilation (outdoor). If possible, residual gas or using exhaust gas leakage sent washing machine tower or towers connected with the ventilation hood. Reusable containers can leak, but to go through treatment to remove the remaining gas potential.
waste disposal methods : proposed use of excessive waste and in limewater, precipitated the precipitation landfilling or recycling, supernatant diluted sewage discharged into the recycling HF make it recycling.

two protective measures

respiratory protection : air concentrations exceeding have to wear gas masks or gas-helmet. Emergency rescue or escape, it is recommended to wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
eye protection : Wear protective chemical safety glasses.
protective clothing : wearing overalls (anti-corrosion material).
hand protection : Wear rubber gloves.
other : work, take a shower. Separate storage of toxic pollution by the clothes, washed reuse. To maintain good health habits.

three, and emergency measures

contact with the skin : the pollution off clothing, immediately wash with water for at least 15 minutes. Or 2% sodium bicarbonate solution rinse. If it burns, medical care treatment.
eye contact : immediately filed eyelid, mobile water rinse for 10 minutes or 2% sodium bicarbonate solution rinse. Medical treatment.
Inhalation : rapidly from the scene to fresh air. To keep the airway
Notice:Each item can have many explanations from different angels. If you want grasp the item comprehensively,please see below "more details data".