GB No. 23005
CAS No. 7803-51-2
Molecular Formula PH₃
molecular 34.04 colorless, similar garlic odor of gas; vapor pressure 53.32kPa/-98.3 ° C flash point <-50 ° C; melting point -132.5 ° C; boiling point -87.5 ° C ; solubility : not soluble in hot water, cold water-soluble and insoluble in alcohol, ether; density : relative density (Air = 1) 1.2; Stability : stability; risk Marker 6 (toxic gases), 32 (flammable gases); the main purposes : better than condensation catalyst, polymerization initiator agents and the preparation of organic compounds < P / P>

2. The impact on the environment :
a health hazard

pathways : inhalation.
health hazards : phosphine role in cellular enzyme, affects cell metabolism, occurred within suffocation. Its main damage to the nervous system, respiratory, heart, kidney and liver. Contact 10mg/m3 six hours poisoning; 409-846mg/m3, half an hour to death.
acute poisoning : mild poisoning, the patients have a headache, weakness, nausea, insomnia, thirsty, nasopharynx, dry, lightheadedness, cough and low heat; Moderate poisoning, the patients have mild disturbance of consciousness, difficulty breathing, myocardial injury; Severe poisoning occurs a coma, convulsion, pulmonary edema and cardiac obvious, liver and kidney damage.
phosphine by respiratory inhalation or phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract after the gas absorption, primarily in the nervous system, heart, liver and kidneys. Contact at 1.4 ~ 4.2mg/m3 that smelled its rotten fish smell, and 10mg/m3 six hours of contact with symptoms of poisoning, 409 ~ 846mg/m3 in 30 minutes to an hour to death.

two, toxicology information and environmental behavior

toxicity : it is a high drug category. In the role of cell enzyme, it affects cell metabolism within suffocation.
acute toxicity : LC₅₀15.3mg/m3, 4 hours (rat inhalation)
subacute and chronic toxicity : rats inhaled 7mg/m3, 27 ~ 36 hours death; 3.5mg/m3, survival; 1.4mg/m3, three days, survival.

phosphine pollution comes mainly from the industrial preparation of magnesium powder, containing calcium phosphate cement with water, containing phosphorus ores with water or moist air deliquescence with phosphorus Preparation red phosphorus process phosphorus vapor when combined with water vapor can produce phosphine. Phosphorus containing zinc, tin, aluminum, magnesium case of acid or water and feed the role of fermentation, can produce phosphine. Zinc phosphide used poison pesticides and fumigation granary, the case of acid zinc phosphide rapid decomposition phosphine. Pesticides in water and the sun can produce phosphine slow decomposition. Aluminum phosphide fumigation breadbasket for pesticides, water decomposition can produce phosphine.

hazardous characteristics : extremely flammable, and it is highly reductive. Case heat and the fire is burning a risk of explosion. Exposure to the air which can be spontaneous. With the explosion of oxygen exposure, contact with the fierce reaction of halogen. With a strong oxidant can respond.
combustion (decomposition) product : oxidation of phosphorus.

3. Emergency Monitoring Methods :
â‘?portable gas detection equipment : fixed-potential electrolysis; â‘?rapid chemical analysis commonly used methods : silver nitrate detection tube method "sudden environmental pollution monitoring and emergency treatment and disposal technologies," 10,000 too editor
gas velocity measurement tube (Beijing as insurance products, product Germany 1940s)

4. Laboratory monitoring methods :
ammonium molybdate colorimetry "air of harmful substances in the Determination" (second edition), Hang Shi-ping editor

5. Environmental standards :
China (TJ36-79) Workshop harmful substances in the air that the maximum allowable concentration 0.3mg/m3

6. Emergency treatment and disposal methods :
a leakage contingency

rapid withdrawal of staff from air leakage supremacy wind, and immediately quarantine 450 meters and strictly restricted. Cut off the fire source. Recommended emergency personnel wearing self-Pressurized respirators to wear protective clothing. As far as possible, cut off the source of leakage. A reasonable ventilation, accelerated proliferation. Spray - diluted solution. To build a causeway or trenching asylum produce a lot of wastewater. If possible, use exhaust gas leakage sent open for the installation of appropriate nozzle or burned. Leak containers should be properly handled, repair, testing later use.

two protective measures

respiratory protection : normal circumstances, wearing a gas mask filter type (full cover). High concentrations of environment, must wear respirators or oxygen air respirators. Emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear air respirators.
eye protection : Wear protective chemical safety glasses.
physical protection : wear protective masks 52,400-clothing.
hand protection : Wear rubber gloves.
other : work site no smoking, eating and drinking. Work to complete, take a shower. To maintain good health habits. Enter cans, or other restrictive space of high concentration operations, someone custody.

three, and emergency measures

Inhalation : rapidly from the scene to fresh air. To keep the airway patency. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stop immediately mouth. Medical treatment.

fire fighting methods : firefighters must wear a gas mask filter type (full cover), or isolated respirators, wearing fire protective body suits, upwind of the fire. Cut off the gas source. If not immediately cut off the gas supply, it is not extinguished combustion gases. Cooling water containers, if possible to move containers from the scene empty Department. Extinguishant : mist of water, foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide.