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86-74-8
formula : C12H9N
molecular weight : 167.21
Boiling Point : 355 ° C
Melting Point : 242-247 ° C
Chinese name : Compound; Carbazole; 9-DIAZAFLUORENE; Diazafluorene; 9H - carbazole; Imino two Asian benzene; DIAZAFLUORENE; 9-nitrogen (Miscellaneous) fluorene; Diazafluorene; Carbazole acid apatite
English title : Carbazole; Dibenzopyrrole; Diphenyleneimide; 9H - Carbazole; 9-azafluorene
nature Description : small white or colorless crystalline flake. 247-248 ° C melting point, boiling point of 355 ° C and 200 ° C (19.55 ° C kPa), the relative density of 1.10 (18 / 4 ° C). Do not dissolve in water, slightly soluble in ethanol; Ethyl ether and benzene soluble quinoline; Pyridine and acetone, benzene-soluble cold; Acetic acid; Chloroform; Carbon disulfide and petrol. Exposure to UV featured strong fluorescence and phosphorescence, alkaline extremely weak, easily sublimated.
production methods : At present, the domestic production of Carbazole method is based on crude anthracene as raw materials, not normally cogeneration intensive anthracycline and economic inefficiency. Sulfuric acid extraction method is to form sulfuric acid carbazole salt solution, and then use the ammonia kick precipitation carbazole. Dafeng in Jiangsu apply this plant has now ended, the reasons are :
(1) low-grade products. With a large number of impurities such as acridine, less than 90% purity.
(2) can not be cogeneration intensive anthracycline, not competitive. (3) Equipment Material requirements and corrosion. (4) wastewater emissions, cause serious pollution. Test abroad molten KOH production carbazole, but never put into industrial production. Test Synthesis abroad also Carbazole method. O is ABP closed dehydrogenation, is the raw material of ammonia or chlorobenzene. The advantage of this method is easy to get raw materials, the drawback is the lack of market competitiveness, because : (a) synthesis routes long, multi-step reaction. Every step response to the needs of complex pre-processing and post-processing and separation equipment and operating costs of many. (2) conversion rate is low. Most responses are accompanied by side effects, as a long line, eventually turned into a low rate.
(3) Waste handling capacity, the high cost of environmental protection. Judging from the current market share, carbazole still the main source of coal tar (anthracene oil). The world's leading manufacturers carbazole, RUTGERS such as Germany, the Czech Rescue, Japan JORYU was like, all of which were anthracene; Carbazole cogeneration. Carbazole in industry is extracted from coal tar. The extraction of raw materials is a row of tar distillation of oil distillate I anthracene, initial boiling point of 300 ° C and 350 ° C before the distillation capacity of 95%, I anthracene oil production accounts for 12-14% of the tar. I will anthracene oil cooling crystallization; Rejection vacuum filtration or removing some oil filter hours after anthracycline-containing 25-30%, 20-25% carbazole, the Philippines 30%. Philippine easily dissolved in oil, the use of this characteristic, the Philippines and anthracene; Carbazole separation. Separation of anthracene and carbazole of two ways :
1. Distillation separation with the use of carbazole the boiling point difference (anthracene 340.7 ° C to the boiling point, carbazole boiling point 355 ° C), the effect is equivalent to using tower 40 theoretical plate emulsion tower distillation and reflux than using 19 : 1, cut the top temperature of 310-344 ° C distillate receive an average of 85% anthracycline-containing industrial anthracene, and then cut 348-355 ° C carbazole distillate, can Carbazole with around 85% of industrial carbazole. 1. Potassium fusion using potassium Carbazole melting and do not dissolve in oil and the formation of precipitation characteristics of heating molten crude anthracene joined Flake caustic potash, a potassium carbazole compounds isolated, Add hydrolysis slot hydrolysis, generating rough carbazole and lye through centrifuge separation; Water washing and steam Purge , in rough carbazole. Carbazole intensive drying, the 180-240 ° C for sublimation, and then re-crystallization of xylene, in the purity of 95-98% of the commodities carbazole. In addition, carbazole also by neighbors synthetic amino biphenyl.
purposes : Carbazole is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, which is the economic value of coal tar highest element of the world 90% of carbazole is from the coal tar, carbazole be used in the production of dyes; Pigments; Photoconductor; Photographic materials; Special ink, used production of paint it purple Everlasting RL, widely used in automotive finish and high temperatures plastics coloring, with high temperatures; UV-resistant advantages. With its production of blue dye reduction RNX sulfide; Hoi-chang of the blue indicators excellent fastness, particularly resistant to chlorine bleaching excellent fastness, blue varieties are carbazole IDM; Carbazole LR; Carbazole LB; Carbazole L3B, black varieties are black D carbazole. It also produced carbazole violet-Oxazine, it is a Green purple pigments, used in the coatings, printing inks; Copy so. Carbazole used in the production of sulfide reduction Blue RNX; FFRL direct light blue; FFGL so. Leather can be produced; N-vinyl carbazole plastics, pesticides four nitro carbazole; Carbazole chloride can be used for UV-sensitive camera dry film manufacturing.
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