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CAS : 74-82-8
formula : CH4
molecular weight : 16.04
Chinese name :
methyl hydride
liquefied methane
b> _b> English title : Methane
biogas
fire damp
marsh gas
methane gas
methane, compressed
methyl hydride
characters Description : odorless and colorless flammable gas. The relative density of 0.5547 (Air = 1), the boiling point of -164 ° C, the melting point -182.48 ° C. -82.1 ° C critical temperature, critical pressure of 4.54MPa, 537.78 points ° Cspontaneous combustion heat (25 ° C) 802.86kJ/mol. Micro dissolve in water, soluble in alcohol, ether and other organic solvents. The more stable chemical properties.
under certain conditions can occur halogenated methane produced by the reaction of alkyl halides; By oxidation from alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids; Nitrification generated by the nitro-methane compounds; Could happen pyrolysis generated alkenes and alkynes, was burning freshly flame. The mixed with air and ignited the gas explosion occurred when the explosion limit of 5.3% -14%.
production methods : goods to the most simple organic compounds in nature is widely distributed, natural gas, coalbed methane, the main component of methane gas, the separation can be achieved.
1. Separation from the natural gas methane gas containing 80% -99% dry gas clean after use; Wet gas purity, with condensation, absorption, adsorption of ethane more isolated after the use of light hydrocarbon .
2. Gas oil from the oil extraction separation from the gas wells to escape, dry gas containing methane 80% -85%; Humidity 10% methane content. Pressure and condensate in the circumstances, it can be liquefied for chemical raw materials.
3. Refinery gas separation from the oil refinery processing methane gas containing 20% -50%. Using absorption distillation and condensation from the distillation of oil processing gas from ethylene, propylene product when methane, hydrogen or pure methane.
4. Separation from the coke oven coke oven gas methane gas containing about 20% -30% dry distillation gas containing methane is about 40% -60%. Using cryogenic separation at the coke oven gas by-product hydrogen methane.
purposes : methane fuel is important and important chemical raw material. A methane as the main component of natural gas, fuel gas quality, have a long history, its calorific value of 882.0kJ/mol. Large-scale natural gas exploitation and become the world's third energy. The LNG heat value than 15% of aviation kerosene, used cars, boats and sea supersonic aircraft, said not only high speed. It can save fuel.
except for fuel, a large for ammonia, urea and carbon black can be used to produce methanol, hydrogen, acetylene, ethylene, formaldehyde, carbon disulfide, nitromethane, hydrocyanic acid and 1,4-butanediol, etc. . Available methane chloride 2, 2, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.
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