贝壳中的珍珠层是由占壳重95%的CaCO3晶体和占壳重仅5%的有机体构成的一种优异的天然纳米复合材料。对珍珠层的研究现状和最新进展进行了评述。重点介绍了珍珠层形成机制中的隔室说、矿物桥说、模板说和多模板二步成因假说等4种学说,及裂纹的偏转、纤维的拔出、有机质的桥连、矿物桥机制和凹凸镶嵌结构等5种增韧机理,简述了珍珠层的组成和微结构,指出了珍珠层研究中有待解决的问题。
Nacre,the mother-of-pearl,is well known for its excellent mechanical properties,it comprises about 95 aragonite(a mineral form of CaCO_3),and about 5 biological macromolecules. The research status and the update progress of nacre are reviewed. Formation mechanisms such as compartment theory,mineral bridge theory,template theory,and toughening mechanisms such as crack defection,platelet pullout,mineral bridging are detailedly discussed. The component and microstructure of nacre are also introduced,and the pr... |